What is the difference between spark plugs for contact and contactless ignition systems?

In the article you will learn about the VAZ 2107 contactless ignition kit, what it is, and also consider the connection diagram in detail. Many owners of old sevens think that using a contact system is unreasonable, expensive, and expensive, since the price of gasoline is becoming higher and higher, and its consumption is rather high. So what will installing an electronic contactless ignition on a car give you?

Advantages of contactless ignition

There are a lot of advantages to this type of system; among the main advantages is enviable reliability. A small number of elements is the key to long and stable operation. But the most important thing is the absence of high currents and mechanical breakers. This is the main difference between the electronic type and the classic contact type, which was installed on the VAZ 2107 of the first releases. Of course, it is far from the accuracy of a microprocessor system, but a distributor that does not have a contact breaker can improve the performance of the motor.

So, we can highlight the following advantages of using a contactless system on the VAZ 2107 and similar models:

1. Reduced fuel consumption due to more correct setting of the ignition timing and greater spark power.
2. Increasing the stability of the internal combustion engine. The crankshaft speed is constant, there are no interruptions.
3. Increased reliability, since there is (virtually) no mechanical interaction, and there are no spark gaps.
4. Reduced costs for components. The Hall sensor, for example, fails much less often than the breaker contact group.

What is contactless and electronic ignition

You should immediately distinguish between the concepts of “electronic” and “contactless” ignition, since these are fundamentally different systems . The electronic ignition has a crankshaft position sensor and is controlled by it via the ECU (electronic engine control unit). For contactless ignition to work, such difficulties are not necessary. How does it work? In a non-contact type ignition distributor, instead of opening contacts, an induction coil is installed, which produces a high voltage current, which is then supplied to the spark plugs. And then, as usual, the fuel in the cylinders ignites.

Electronic ignition connection diagram

It is worth noting that the connection diagram for contactless ignition on the VAZ 2107 is exactly the same as for any other car of the classic series. It consists of the following components:

1. Distributor with a Hall effect sensor.
2. The electronic unit is a switch that allows you to amplify the signal from the sensor.
3. The coil is a high-voltage transformer that increases the voltage to the required value (about 30 kV).
4. The tachometer is also connected to the VAZ 2107 system - to the signal wire of the Hall sensor.
5. Low and high voltage wires.
6. Candles.

These are all the elements that make up the VAZ 2107 contactless ignition kit. The connection diagram is shown in the figure, there is nothing complicated about it. It is worth noting that if you purchase a kit in a store, and not all its elements separately, this diagram will be shown on the packaging. As a rule, the manufacturer provides such information.

Checking and replacing the ignition switch VAZ 2107

The task of the VAZ 2107 ignition system is to generate a spark that ignites the air-fuel mixture in the cylinders. In older “classic” models, this works based on the “breaker-ignition coil” connection. On more modern cars, a contactless ignition system is installed, where the VAZ 2107 ignition switch is responsible for sparking.

Switch malfunctions affect the efficiency and performance of the entire ignition system and the vehicle as a whole. Therefore, it will not be superfluous to learn how to check the VAZ 2107 switch and replace it, if necessary.

Switch Purpose

The non-contact ignition system is distinguished by the fact that the electrical impulse supplied to the coil (coils) is generated not by the breaker contact installed in the distributor, but by the switch. The electronic circuit of the latter supplies a spark to the cylinders with an optimal timing, based on data about the current operating mode of the engine and the position of the crankshaft at each specific moment. The switch is able to withstand physical stress, vibration and temperature changes over a wide range. The absence of contacts in the circuit ensures greater reliability and durability of the unit.

Another advantage of this solution is that the VAZ 2107 switch has the ability to be reprogrammed by the user to set the timing advance corresponding to the fuel quality and dynamic requirements for the vehicle.

VAZ 2107 switch parameters

The operating voltage of the switch is 13.5 volts, the permissible voltage range is from 6 to 16 volts. The maximum switching current is 8.5 amperes. The switch provides stable sparking in the engine speed range from 20 to 7000 rpm.

Connection diagram for VAZ 2107 switch

The contactless ignition system of the VAZ 2107 includes:

1. Candles.
2. Ignition distributor (sensor).
3. Anti-interference screen.
4. Non-contact slider position sensor.
5. Switch that controls spark generation.
6. Ignition coil.
7. Assembly block.
8. Ignition switch relay.
9. Ignition switch on the steering column.

Wire “A” goes to the positive terminal of the car generator output. The connection diagram for the VAZ 2107 switch is shown in the figure:

Signs of a malfunction of the VAZ 2107 switch

The main symptom of a switch failure is the absence of a spark at the spark plugs. Alternatively, the spark may not be powerful enough or disappear periodically. In this case, the engine starts poorly, runs intermittently, stalls at idle, loses power, or its speed constantly fluctuates. It should be remembered that all these signs can also appear due to malfunctions of other parts of the ignition system: the Hall sensor. wires and spark plugs, ignition coil, distributor. The spark also disappears when the timing belt breaks and there is no contact in the power supply circuit of the ignition system.

To accurately determine the cause, it is necessary to separately check the functionality of the switch.

Examination

The easiest way to test a switch is to try replacing it with a known good one. But this can only be done if a working switch is at hand. It is not advisable to buy a new unit just to test the operation of the old one. There is a cheaper and not particularly complicated way. To test the switch, you only need a standard set of keys and a test lamp. This is enough to verify the presence or absence of pulses supplied to the ignition coil. Before checking the switch, make sure that “plus” is supplied to it and the ignition coil. Also check the connection contacts of the Hall sensor and the functionality of the sensor itself.

Checking the VAZ 2107 ignition switch is performed as follows:

• turn off the ignition;
• unscrew the nut on the ignition coil and disconnect the brown wire marked “K” (the wire goes to connector “1” on the switch);
• connect a test lamp to the gap between the wire terminal and the coil terminal;
• turn on the ignition;
• turn the key and start the starter.

A flashing light indicates a working switch. If the lamp does not light, the switch needs to be replaced.

Replacing a VAZ 2107 switch

To replace the switch, you must complete the following steps:

• turn off the ignition;
• disconnect the wire block from the switch connector;
• unscrew the fastening nuts;
• remove the old switch and put a new one in its place;
• tighten the fastening nuts;
• connect the wire block to the connector.

At this point, the replacement of the VAZ 2107 switch is completed and you can check the operation of the ignition by trying to start the engine.

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Installation of a contactless distributor on a VAZ 2107

In fact, the most difficult work is replacing the distributor, drilling holes in the body to install the switch and installing a new coil. Yes, please note that when installing a contactless ignition instead of a classic one, you must change the coil. The fact is that they are slightly different, since they produce different voltages on the secondary winding. If the contact system operates at a voltage of about 25 kV, then the electronic system operates at 30-35 kV. When you have installed all the components, you need to look at the diagram.

In fact, your task is only to connect the blocks to the VAZ 2107 distributor and to the switch. And there will be three wires left - one is “ground”, and the other two are to the coil. Please note that voltage is applied to one of the coil terminals only when the key is turned. All this can be seen in the diagram given in the article. Some motorists use a slightly different design - they install two elements (two coils, two switches, two Hall sensors). Moreover, one such set only works for two candles. In essence, this increases performance and power, but the design becomes more complex.

Types of SZ on VAZ cars

Before checking the VAZ ignition coil, let's understand the types of SZ.

1. Contact system. This type is considered one of the oldest; compared to more modern options, it has many disadvantages. As a rule, most often in such systems the circuit breaker and distributor fail. In addition, over time, the SZ contacts may burn and stick, as a result of which the operation of the power unit may be disrupted.
2. Contactless ignition on a VAZ or BSZ is a more modern option made by the developers to ensure higher reliability. In this case, the design eliminates the use of a breaker; instead, a contactless sensor is used. Today, BSZ is used on many cars; quite often VAZ owners install it instead of contact SZ. In general, units of this type require virtually no monitoring, since there are no rubbing elements in such systems. The use of BSZ allows you to achieve optimal engine performance and better combustion of the air mixture.
3. Electronic ignition is considered one of the most advanced options. Electronic ignition also almost completely eliminates the use of friction components. In addition, such a system is equipped with various controllers, as well as a control unit. Controllers are used so that the electronic ignition can record the operating parameters of the internal combustion engine, and this, in turn, is necessary for the timely supply of a spark. This SZ ensures the most optimal and correct operation of the power unit. But its main advantage is its efficiency (the author of the video is Roman Romanov).

Final stage

And now it remains to talk about the most important thing - the quality of installation. So, you will need the following materials:

1. Plastic clamps.
2. Heat shrink insulation.
3. Wire lugs.

That's all, carefully strip the edges of the wires and put a small piece of heat-shrink insulation on them (if necessary), then a ferrule. Use pliers to crimp. Then attach the ground wire to the body of the seven, and the rest to the coil. That's it, the installation is almost complete, now you need to fix all the wires going from the distributor to the switch and the coil. Tie clamps will help you with this. Carefully attach the wires to the harnesses that are already in the engine compartment. At this point, all work is completed, you can enjoy a wonderful ride under the control of a contactless system.

How to repair a distributor on a VAZ 2101-VAZ 2107?

Note! We will outline the repair process on a contact ignition distributor, but we will not touch the non-contact distributor (We will also call it a distributor, because it is the same thing), since, firstly, it spends quite a long time, and secondly, if something goes wrong with it, then it’s either the hall sensor is stuck, or the distributor cap is broken, or the rotor is also called a slider that breaks through, well, the vacuum regulator, in fact, there’s nothing else to break there, but in a contact distributor, the contacts themselves constantly oxidize (Especially if your car is parked all the time on the street, or in an unheated garage in which the humidity is very high), because of this you have to disassemble it and clean them (Contacts can be cleaned with an ordinary school eraser, some Also, sandpaper, which is also called sandpaper, is used to clean contacts, but we don’t recommend it for you because it spoils them and leaves dirt, well, you can also use a needle file, and by the way, it’s best for them)!

Disassembly: 1) First, remove the unit itself from the car and do not forget to prepare the place where you will work, there should not be any kind of dirt and especially water in the vicinity, if it gets on the contacts it will simply render them unusable and then make them more careful You can see the process of removing the distributor in the article entitled: “Replacing the ignition distributor on a car.”

2) Now that the distributor has been removed, disconnect the top cover from it; to do this, pick up the two side clamps that secure it (the easiest way is to pry them off with a screwdriver; they don’t always come off by hand), after it is disconnected, look at the contacts (There are only four of them , for clarity, some are indicated by arrows in a small photo) there should be no oxidation on them and they should be of a catchy color, and by the way, also check the central rod, press it several times; under no circumstances should it be broken and should walk smoothly without any damage or jamming, it is indicated by a blue arrow in a small photo.

Note! In addition, there shouldn’t be any cracks on the cover itself and it should be intact, in other words, not have any hollows or dents, besides, for clarity, a cover from a completely different car is shown below, but that’s not the point, look at its contacts , these contacts are oxidized so that you can already understand how it looks, you can clean them with a needle file until they shine (10-15 minutes of work) and it will start working for you again, or you can simply change it to a new one if the contacts are no longer cleaned!

Correct gap on spark plugs VAZ 2107 carburetor

The gaps in the spark plugs should be set depending on the ignition system and power system. If the spark plug gap is larger than required, gasoline consumption will increase; if the gap is smaller than required, the car will jerk at low speeds.

According to the operating manual for VAZ-2105, VAZ-2107, the gap between the spark plug electrodes for a contact ignition system (KSZ) should be 0.5-0.6 mm, for a contactless ignition system (BSI) - 0.7-0.8 mm, spark plug gaps in an injection engine are 1.0-1.3 mm.

In summer, the gap in the spark plugs can be slightly increased, in winter - reduced, literally by 0.1-0.15 mm.

Below are several options for the condition of the spark plugs, from which you can draw conclusions about the operation of the engine:

• The electrodes of the spark plugs are covered with black carbon deposits - the fuel mixture is over-rich; the carburetor needs to be checked.
• spark plug electrodes are covered with a whitish coating - the fuel mixture is too lean
• burnt out electrodes may be due to an incorrectly selected type of spark plug, too early ignition angle, or the use of poor gasoline (low octane number)
• Oily electrodes - usually appear on the engine with age and indicate the need to repair the piston group.