Wipers do not work on VAZ 2110

Windshield wipers in a car are constantly exposed to negative external influences. As a result of downpours, snowstorms and freezing, various defects in windshield wipers occur, which directly affects traffic safety. Most often, breakdowns occur in winter, when weather conditions are very difficult.

If malfunctions occur, it is recommended to replace the windshield wipers. There are various ways to remove wipers to troubleshoot problems. Especially often, problems with replacing and finding defects arise among novice car enthusiasts. Below we discuss the main types of faults and the algorithm of actions of the car owner.

Car wipers do not work: main reasons

If the wipers do not work, then there may be several reasons for this phenomenon. The levers should be checked to ensure they are installed correctly. Sometimes there are problems with the electric motor, which can fail. In an electric motor, the armature collector is often clogged with dust, which leads to malfunctions. It is recommended to look at the fuse, as it is triggered when the levers are jammed, there is a short circuit, or the gearbox is stuck.

The fuse also operates in cases where the mechanical movement of the brushes is difficult as a result of them freezing to the glass or foreign objects getting into the structure. If the fuse is working and the wipers do not work, then it is necessary to carry out an external inspection of the wires, motor windings, commutator and brushes for damage and oxidation of metal elements.

In the case when the wipers operate jerkily, the likely cause is a loose leash or unreliable fastening of the brushes. It is recommended to replace the windshield wiper design with a more modern model. If they operate only at one speed, then either the resistance is faulty or the switch is defective.

Possible malfunctions of windshield wipers

burning of contacts of an electric motor switch or relay;
the spring plate in the switch does not bend;
burning of the relay breaker winding;
damage to the gear teeth of the gearbox.

You can also observe poor performance of the windshield wipers. When the rubber cracks, various stripes may appear on the glass. Rubber becomes unusable when wipers work with frozen glass or when dirt has dried on the glass.

If problems arise with the wipers, it is advisable to go to a service station to find the cause. Specialists will be able to quickly replace the electric motor and other structural elements. The safety of the driver and passengers depends on how quickly the faults are corrected.

Poor quality work of any component and element of your car is not just discomfort during the trip, but also a certain irritating factor. Every time you have to deal with the fact that some piece of technology does not work in a decent way and does not offer a high enough quality of functioning. This is especially difficult for idealists, for whom everything should work at the highest level and without problems. One of the most annoying problems is the failure of the wipers. If the windshield wipers stop working, wave randomly, or stop when the control knob is turned off right in the middle of the glass, you should think about possible problems. Here we should highlight several main components that can break. Trapezoid, wiper fuse, intermittent wiper relay, power handle and other elements.

You can find the cause yourself, or also seek help from specialized forums where similar problems are discussed. Often on forums you will find the same symptoms of a problem and you can easily repair your car. If the wipers stop working, you will have to do something quickly. Otherwise, you will have to experience significant difficulties when traveling in rainy or simply wet weather. In winter, the inability to clean the glass from sticking dirt and constantly sticking snow will simply not allow you to drive normally. You will have to stop every two minutes and clean the windshield. Let's look at the most common problems with wipers in modern cars.

Why the wipers don't work

At some point, the car owner may notice that his wipers are not working. This may manifest itself in their complete stop or creaking operation.

Trapezoid Compatibility

First of all, look for the reason in the electric motor. But remember that mechanical problems also happen.

The most popular mechanical breakdowns of wipers:

When the cleaners turn on, the sound of the motor is heard, but the brushes do not move or twitch slightly. Most likely, the nut securing the crank to the gearbox axle has lost its grip or has become completely unscrewed.
Non-synchronous operation of the windshield wipers indicates a problem with the drive. Again, check the locking nut. When tightening the nut, be sure to first place the brushes in the correct position.

Article on the topic: Replacing the cooling system pipes of the VAZ 2110

As for problems with the electrical component, they manifest themselves as follows:

The wiper moves very slowly, stops, then starts working again, does not stubbornly go to the lower position. Check the limit switch. By bending the contacts, it is adjusted in this way. If such a measure does not bear fruit, replace the entire VAZ 2110 wiper motor assembly, since the gearbox is built-in;
You have turned on the intermittent mode, but the brushes work non-stop. Here the problem lies in the relay, which needs to be replaced. If when you turn on the device you do not hear a sound from the rotation of the motor armature, then the relay is 100% to blame. If not, then check for burns and oxidation on the contacts;
When choosing any mode, you can only hear the clicking of the thermometallic fuse. At the same time, the anchor and brushes remain in place. Check to see if the brushes are frozen because of the frost and that’s why they don’t move. Either fuse F5 has blown, or the armature has burned out;
The electric motor does not turn on, although the fuses are good. Check the quality of contacts. This often causes a stuck brush or a burnt armature.

Trapezoid - the mechanism for direct operation of the wipers

One of the most complex mechanisms in the wiper system kit is the trapezoid. Today, no car manufacturer has such a reliable wiper drive mechanism to guarantee long-term operation of the device. Banal jamming of brushes or excessive emphasis on the glass, improper activation of the wipers, freezing to the glass in winter - all these reasons can be detrimental to the trapezoid. Among the possibilities for restoring this mechanism, it is worth highlighting only a few possible steps:

purchasing a new trapezoid is often the best step for domestic cars, in which the wiper mechanism costs about 1000-1500 rubles;
for foreign cars, purchasing a new trapezoid will cost exorbitant amounts of money, so in this case, repairs should be made and broken parts restored;
Often the bushings and tips in trapezoids fail, which are often plastic and are terribly resistant to frost, so they can simply be replaced;
if it is not easy to find a repair kit for a trapezoid for your car, you can try installing bushings and other parts from other cars of a similar class;
Direct replacement of the trapezoid is necessary if even repair work does not eliminate the problem, or after repair the mechanism begins to tap during operation.

Any sounds coming from the trapezoid may be a harbinger of its death. This is exactly the sign that indicates a possible failure of the entire device. However, you should not change the trapeze immediately after unpleasant sounds occur. Before replacing, you can wait until the device completely fails or try to eliminate the sound by tightening the components of the trapezoid using standard tools. It's not difficult and can be done right in your garage.

There is no intermittent wiper mode - looking for a relay

Often, along with the lack of intermittent mode, problems arise with returning the windshield wiper blade to its original position. In this case, the culprit of the situation is a burnt-out relay. At the same time, the mode of continuous strokes of the windshield wiper blade is present, as well as the mode of accelerated cleaning of the glass. These options for operating the windshield wiper are designed to bypass the relay; they are implemented directly from the handle for switching on the wiper operating modes. When a relay fails, you simply need to replace it by following this procedure:

searching for the installation location of the relay in your car - again, forums, the car’s operating instructions or recommendations from specialists who repair your car will help;
Next, the non-working relay should be removed from the installation location, the device number should be rewritten so as not to make a mistake when choosing a new electrical device to replace it;
go to the store or order on the Internet an original production relay with the same catalog number to ensure normal operation of the wiper on the car;
Having received the device in your hands, take a good look at it, make sure that this is exactly the element that was originally installed in your car at the factory;
turn off the ignition, be sure to check that the wiper switch is in the “off” position and insert the relay into the slot from which the non-working device was removed;
turn on the ignition and check the quality of the wipers, taking into account the new installed electrical part.

The operating modes of wipers on budget cars are often quite poor, so you can develop them by installing a relay from the same manufacturer, but with different parameters. For example, it is popular to install not a simple wiper relay on domestic cars in the basic configuration, but a special relay with adjustable brush response pause. This is a good option that can significantly improve the emotions of driving a car and make the driver’s job easier.

Fuses and other electrical connections

Not the last option for a problem in the wiper operation system is electrical connections and circuits. The first step is to check the fuses, which tend to fail and simply do not allow electric current to flow to the right place. Most cars have fuses under the hood; some models should be examined for a fuse box in the passenger compartment.

Broken wires can also be one of the possible problems. If, for example, after a garage service your wipers do not work, it is quite possible that the technicians cut the wires and did not fix the problem. You should trace the wiper circuit, if possible, but it is better to take the car to a normal station and order a proper repair of this problem.

Intermittent wiper mode does not work, reasons

Using the example of the windshield wiper (windshield wipers) of VAZ 2108, 2109, 21099 cars, we will find out the causes of the malfunction - the intermittent wiper mode does not work.

Symptoms of a problem

When you move the right lever of the steering column switch to the lower fixed position (including intermittent mode), the wiper blades do not react in any way and do not move anywhere, or they move, but without interruption. In the second and third positions (first and second speed of the purifier) they work normally.

Causes of the malfunction: “The intermittent wiper mode does not work”

To determine why the intermittent wiper mode does not work, you need to measure the voltage at the control points using the circuit diagram for switching it on in order to understand where the electrical circuit breaks.

Scheme for switching on the intermittent operation of wipers (windshield wipers) on VAZ 2108, 2109, 21099 cars

The right steering column switch is faulty

When you turn on the intermittent mode, moving the lever of the right steering column switch closes contacts “53a” (“plus” from the ignition switch) and “J” (output to the wiper relay) and contacts “53e” (“plus” from the wiper relay) and “53 "(output to the gear motor brush).

To determine the serviceability of the switch, you need to remove the block from it and check for the presence of voltage at contact “53a” with the ignition on (is there any current flowing to the switch at all?). If there is current. We clean the contacts, turn on the intermittent mode and check for the presence of voltage at pin “53”. If it is not there, the switch is faulty.

Contacts of the steering column right switch VAZ 2108, 2109, 21099

Defective windshield wiper relay

It is responsible for the intermittent operation of the wipers and should ensure that the wipers are interrupted at a frequency of 14 times per minute. On VAZ 2108, 2109, 21099 vehicles, the windshield wiper relay is located in the mounting block (relay K3). After turning the key in the ignition switch, there should be voltage at its output “15”. Its presence can be checked with a voltmeter or test lamp. Specifically, the “I” (input) and “S” output pins are responsible for the intermittent mode. If, after moving the switch lever, there is no voltage at the “S” terminal, then the relay may be faulty or its contacts have oxidized.

Relay K3 - windshield wipers and washers in mounting block 2114 for VAZ 21083, 21093, 21099 cars

The wiper motor is faulty

To determine the malfunction of the gearmotor, we check the presence of voltage at the terminal of the red (pin 6) and gray wires (pin 1) in the wiring block for the gearmotor. In this case, the ignition and steering column switch must be turned on.

In addition, it is necessary to check the wire contact for ground from the wire block to the gearmotor.

If the “plus” and “minus” are in order, the gearmotor is faulty and requires repair or replacement.

Notes and additions

Intermittent operation of the wipers is provided by relay type 52.3747 or 525.3747. It also turns on the low speed wiper when the windshield washer is turned on.

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Steering wheel shift paddles are a common cause of problems

Windshield wipers in most modern cars are activated using steering column switches in the form of levers with data on the operating modes of the equipment printed on them. These levers must work well and have the necessary signals to turn on the wipers. Often the handle fails, the switch does not send the necessary signals, and because of this, the wipers themselves do not work properly. The main tasks in this case are the following:

it is necessary to remove the plastic parts of the steering column in order to get directly to the installation site of the wiper switches;
in most cars, the switches are very easy to remove; the maximum work awaiting you will be unscrewing a few bolts;
after removing the switch, you can use a tester to check its operation by connecting the contacts one by one to different terminals and turning on the wiper operating modes;
if the switch really fails, you should simply replace it with a new one, installing it as simply as disassembling it;
If the switch works, you will have to look for other causes of the problem; it is quite possible that the reasons lie in the area where the switch is connected.

Often, wires simply come off the terminals of this steering column switch and need to be returned to their place. Most likely, after carrying out a complete audit of the electrical system, including switches and other important technical aspects, you will be able to determine the problem and easily fix it. You don't even need any special tools or abilities for this. All you need to do is perform a high-quality restoration of the operation of all simple wiper systems. We offer a short video on how to deal with the problem if the wipers suddenly stop working:

Let's sum it up

If reliable operation of the windshield wiper is your priority, you should pay attention to all possible ways that parts may fail. The knocking trapeze should attract your attention and in a certain way force you to examine the situation. Most likely, the knocking will lead to the fact that you will soon have to replace the device with a new one and buy high-quality replacement parts. But it is quite possible that you just need to get to the trapezoid and tighten the fastenings of its parts in order to eliminate the knocking and continue to operate the device perfectly.

High-quality work of wipers is necessary in any car, so you should immediately solve all problems that arise, taking into account their features and technical difficulties. Replacing the relay can be done in a garage, but it is better to change the trapezoid and wiper motor in a service center. This way, you can get the necessary capabilities for operating the machine without any problems and acquire the necessary performance qualities of peripheral devices. Have you ever encountered problems with your wipers?

Don't know why the wipers turn on when you turn on the ignition, and you can't stop it? You can, of course, turn off the fuse and drive without wipers for a while, but the problem must be solved completely.

The classic way to solve the problem usually comes down to two options: disassemble the steering column switch and clean the inside, or install a toggle switch responsible for separately turning on the wipers. But in fact, there are much more effective solutions to this problem.

Mechanical part

It includes:

The brushes themselves - their working part is made of rubber and is subject to fairly rapid wear;
A trapezoid is a structure made of metal guides; they ensure the conversion of the rotation of the electric motor into the actual operation of the wipers. The trapezoid is subject to deformation and clogging of the joints.

Accordingly, from the structure of the windshield wiper assembly, it follows that all breakdowns belong to two groups:

Mechanical;
Electrical.

Reasons for the wipers to operate when the SZ is turned on

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Whatever solution is chosen, you first need to find the reason for this “behavior” of the wipers. There are several of them. Let's look at the most common ones.

Closure

The first thing any motorist with any level of enlightenment will doubt is the wiring. There must be a short somewhere, he will think. Why does such a malfunction actually occur?

Short-term or long-term operation of the wipers when the ignition is turned on occurs in most cases due to a poor ground connection. To solve the problem, it is recommended to disconnect all points where the wiring comes into contact with ground and clean the terminals from oxidation and deposits. The terminals must then be tightened securely to avoid a recurrence of the situation in the future.

Mode switch

If the windshield wipers do not turn off during zero and intermittent operating modes, but function normally in accelerated mode, then this type of malfunction usually points to the switch. What can be done? Find the relay responsible for the wipers. For example, on some Toyota modifications the relay is installed directly inside the wiper switch. The device is collapsible, you can open it and see what the problem is. As a last resort, replace the relay.

You can completely disable the mode switch and remove it from the circuit. This will help disable the wipers, but after that they will only work in accelerated mode.

Wiper relay

One of the common reasons for the wipers to work. As mentioned above, it is replacing the relay that helps solve the problem in most cases.

Note. A common symptom of a relay related problem. When you turn on the windshield washer for a short time, the wipers make not two strokes, as they should be, but three - the last stroke is superfluous, since the water has already been removed from the glass and the cleaning is carried out dry.

The new relay must match the markings. For example, for the domestic “nine” this option is 526.3747. However, depending on the manufacturer, relay devices may have other markings, but they are quite suitable for replacement. You just need to ask the sellers for a specific car model.

If for some reason the relay does not fit, you can replace the resistor R4 inside the relay. The native one has a nominal value of 130 kOhm, and for stable operation of the wipers it is recommended to set it within 40-70 kOhm. You can buy the part at a radio parts store or ask radio amateurs on the forums in your hometown.

The relay itself is located in a block that car enthusiasts call a “black box”.

And this is a diagram of the “nine” wiper relay

As for the internal design of the wiper relay, it can be different. However, the resistor we need is always connected inside the relay to the fourth leg of the microchip.

Note. The problem with the resistor is solved in a similar way for almost all VAZ models: “tens”, “tags”, Lada Grant and Priora, etc.

You should be aware that in some cases the wiper relay may not be removable. Then the resistor cannot be removed and replaced. You'll have to find a new relay with a classic VAZ design.

Another option is that water got inside the “black box”. Obviously, you need to disassemble the block, but you need to do this at your own peril and risk, since in half the cases everything falls apart during disassembly and you have to replace the mounting block with a new one (costs 3-4 thousand rubles).

The “black box” is disassembled like this:

Unscrew the six screws of the block (two screws directly inside the platform, the rest on the sides);
Carefully remove all relays, fuses and jumpers (remember their positions);
Use a screwdriver to halve the block;
Clear the oxides in the diagram.

Malfunctions of windshield wipers (wipers)

As you know, the working mechanism of the wipers was initially designed for a long service life. And breakdowns occur in parts, for the most part, due to the human factor - that is, improper operation.

Most often, wipers deteriorate in winter, when they freeze to the windshield, and the driver, being inattentive, turns on the glass cleaning mechanism. The load on wipers that are frozen turns out to be detrimental to the mechanism. And at the same time, both the motor itself and various mechanical parts can fail.

Since above we looked mainly at wipers of VAZ models, we will continue to do this using their example. So, on the “eight”, “nine”, “trinashka”, that is, hatchbacks, in addition to the main front wiper, a rear washer is also installed. But on the “99”, “tag” and other sedans it is not there.

Front windshield wipers have several operating modes: work with a pause (the same intermittent mode), work at low speed, work at high speed. In addition, there are two more modes: 3-fold cleansing and cleansing simultaneously with washer. As for the rear wiper, it has only one mode: in conjunction with the washer.

So, it is customary to distinguish between 6 main types of wiper malfunctions: they do not clean the glass well, they do not work after turning on one of the modes, broken blades, etc. More details can be found in the table below.

Fault name	What to do 1	What to do 2	What to do 3
Complete inoperability of the system (not a single mode works normally, you can’t hear the electric motor rotating)	Check the presence of 12 V voltage at terminal number 6, in the windshield wiper connector, as well as ground 4. It is also recommended to check all power circuits (fuses 4 and 5, switch, mounting block, ignition switch, etc.	Check how the mode switch itself functions (presence of 12 V control voltage at terminals 1 and 2 of the windshield wiper connector when switching modes).	Check the operation of the motor (removal and disassembly will be required).
Intermittent mode does not work (everything else works)	The main reason is a non-working relay. Replace and check how the new relay functions	It is possible that the reason is the mode switch. It is checked by replacing it with a known good one.
The wiper blades do not stop in the down position, but stop anywhere (they can extend beyond the windshield)	The limit switch in the motor is broken or burnt out (it is impossible to replace, only the entire electric motor, although in some cases it is possible to fix and repair).	The position of the wipers is incorrectly adjusted (set them in the right place).	The drive shaft of the brush mechanism began to fail (disassemble and replace the failed parts).
The noise of the motor is heard, but the brushes do not move (the brushes stay in one place)	The drive shaft of the windshield wiper mechanism has worked (the splines are licked). It is necessary to replace or adjust the splined part of the electric motor.	The nut securing the mechanism rod to the electric motor shaft has become loose (tighten the nut thoroughly).
The wipers do not work after turning on the windshield washer	Most likely, the steering column mode switch has deteriorated (replace with a known good one).	It is possible that the operation and serviceability of the mounting block has been disrupted (measure the voltage at terminals 9 and 18).
Poor quality of glass cleaning	The wiper blades have lost their elasticity (replace them with new ones).	Oil or other lubricants have come into contact with the glass. For example, it could be oil from the muffler of the car in front, waxing at the car wash, contamination after polishing, and much more.

Front wiper diagram

Car wipers are an integral attribute of any car, which, as a rule, is remembered only in the event of any precipitation (rain, snow). In poor visibility conditions, wipers clear the car's windshield, providing the driver with the necessary visibility.

In general, the design of automobile windshield wipers ensures that the wipers operate in three modes:

slow;
intermittent;
fast.

The three-speed windshield wiper system is one of the weakest points of any car. This is especially true for domestic cars, in which quite often the wipers do not return to their original position during operation, but stop in the middle of the glass.

Stopping the wipers in the middle of the windshield can infuriate even the calmest driver, as this limits the view. In addition, the wipers, stopping in the middle of the glass during operation, constantly remind you of the presence of a malfunction.

There are a lot of reasons that lead to wipers stopping in the middle of the glass, and most of them can be eliminated independently.

Windshield wiper drive device

The wipers are driven by a small DC electric motor, which is equipped with a built-in gearbox.

Three brushes are installed in the motor armature, with the help of which three modes of operation of the entire system are provided. In addition, the electrical circuit for controlling the operation of the windshield wipers includes:

steering column switch for operating modes;
relay K2 type 524.3747, which includes intermittent operation;
additional relay;
limit switch;
bimetallic fuse;

The bimetallic fuse and limit switch are located in the electric motor gearbox, and all other circuit elements are located in the mounting block installed in the engine compartment of the car. All elements of the electrical circuit diagram are connected to each other using wires and mounting blocks.

Troubleshooting Methods

If the wipers start to stop in the middle of the car's windshield, you must perform the following steps:

check whether the windshield wipers are correctly installed on the drive splines and the condition of the trapezoid. Particular attention must be paid to the drive crank. If assembly errors are detected, they must be eliminated;
carefully inspect the drive splines. They can chip, break or wear out, causing the splines to slip and the wipers not returning to their original position. Sometimes the wiper lever may jump out of its place.

The defect is eliminated by replacing worn parts.

Advice! If the wipers begin to stop in the middle of the glass while driving, and there is no service station nearby, then the defect can be eliminated if you have a drill and drill bits in the trunk. By drilling several holes, you can temporarily secure the windshield wiper arm using available materials. To reduce friction, the areas of modification must be thickly lubricated with some kind of lubricant.

The next operation is to check the integrity of the electrical wiring. To do this, you need to check the voltage at the drive connector without turning off the ignition. The voltage should be 12 V. If there is no voltage at the connector contacts, it is necessary to check the integrity of the electrical wiring and the serviceability of the relay sequentially, starting with the fuse in the mounting block. Detected faults must be corrected.

Also, the windshield wipers may not return to their original position due to a defect in the electric motor itself or its switch. In this case, it is necessary to replace the faulty electric motor. The car enthusiast may encounter other, more complex faults that lead to the wipers stopping either in the middle of the windshield or in any other position. In this case, it would be better to contact specialists who will quickly detect and fix the problem.

Interesting! Some car enthusiasts have noticed that in the winter, wipers stopped in the middle of the windshield are exposed to hot air. Thus, the elastic elements of the windshield wipers, hardened in severe frost, thaw simultaneously with the icy glass during the process of warming up the power unit of the car after a long stay, which helps to increase the service life.

Therefore, an original solution emerged: when parking a car in severe frost, force the blades to stop in the middle of the windshield. To do this, you just need to break the windshield wiper drive chain and install an additional switch on the car's dashboard.

Having parked the car, for example, at night, the wipers in the middle of the windshield are stopped using a switch. In the morning, after warming it up, using the same switch, the windshield wipers are returned to the transport (initial) state.

The three-speed windshield wiper system is one of the most vulnerable in the domestic “ten”. Almost any component can play the role of a weak point: steering column switch, relays, fuses, gear motor.

Finding Electrical Problems

Each owner of a VAZ-2110 involuntarily paid attention to the clicks coming from the left side and the barely audible noise from the gearmotor when the windshield wiper was running. Therefore, at the initial stage of searching for the reasons why the VAZ-2110 wipers do not work, you need to check the performance of this particular product.

If the electric motor does not show any signs of life, you need to check the fuse located on the mounting block, which is located on the left side, under the headlight switch lever. If the fuse is in working order, this indicates a malfunction in the electric drive feeding system.

A multimeter will help determine the problem area in the circuit. You need to check the circuit from the fuse to the gearmotor, from it to the hydraulic corrector.

Naturally, it is necessary to check the fuse itself. If zero is constantly lit on the multimeter screen and a not very pleasant sound signal is heard, then the circuit is working properly. When several numbers appear on the screen, without sound, we move on - we move on to inspecting the terminals and wires.

You can troubleshoot the problem as follows:

Clean and tighten all terminals that were checked with a multimeter.
Replace wiring.
Install a new lever on the steering column that turns on the windshield wiper.

Relay K2 (5243747), located in the mounting block, is responsible for the operation of the windshield wiper. If an intermittent mode is not observed during system operation, then it is time to change the relay. Under these circumstances, the hydraulic corrector also needs to be checked.

If the windshield wiper relay has a defect, it will work wonderfully in the third extreme position of the right steering column stalk. A faulty relay does not stop working in all cases. Windshield wipers can function perfectly if they are turned on in position 1, but the fact that there is a defect and the relay is not working correctly will be indicated by pauses between sweeps of the blades.

Often the relay simply goes away, and the wipers and heater do not work at the same time. In this case, you usually need to tighten the contacts.

In searching for the reasons why the wipers on the VAZ 2110 stopped working, you also need to check the limit switch located on the cover of the gear motor. It is also advisable to clean the contacts from oxide and bend the contact petals.

First stage: diagnostics and elimination of electrical faults

Every owner of the tenth model probably noticed clicks and noise coming from the gearmotor located on the left when activating the windshield wiper system. Therefore, at the initial stage of solving the question of why the wipers do not work on the VAZ 2110, you should pay attention specifically to the nature of the operation of this unit.

The electric motor does not show any signs of operability - it is necessary to inspect fuse F5 in the mounting block located on the left under the headlight beam hydraulic corrector. A serviceable fuse primarily serves as an indicator of problems in the electric drive feeding system.

A multimeter will help you identify the faulty area: you need to “ring” the circuit in resistance mode from the fuse to the gearmotor and steering column lever, and even the switch itself. The multimeter induces zero: the section is serviceable, an infinitely large value is a reason to inspect the terminals and wires.

The malfunction is resolved by the following steps:

clean/crimp the terminals in the fuse block, contact connectors of the steering column switch and gearmotor;
replace wires;
replace the lever on the steering column that activates the windshield wipers.

Relay K2 type 524.3747, located in the mounting block, is responsible for the operation of the windshield wipers in cycles with pauses (I and II positions). The system does not operate in intermittent mode - a reason for a detailed inspection and replacement of the relay. Under such circumstances, the steering column switch should also be “sinned”.

Something to keep in mind! If the relay is defective, the windshield wipers operate completely unprecedentedly in the third extreme position of the right steering column switch.

However, a faulty relay does not always stop the operation of the unit in intermittent mode. Windshield wipers can effectively perform their function in positions I and II, however, the presence of a defect in the relay will be indicated by the absence of pauses between sweeps of the brushes, characteristic of these modes.

Along the way, finding out other reasons why the wipers on the VAZ 2110 do not work intermittently with pauses, you should inspect the limit switch located on the gear motor cover:

the oxidized layer should be removed;
burnt contacts must be cleaned;
Contact petals should be bent if necessary.

Windshield wiper repair

In practice, repairing wipers on a VAZ 2110 is not at all difficult if you have at least basic experience in working with a car and its electrical components.

Unscrew the fixing nut

First, let's figure out how to remove the wipers on a VAZ 2110. The design provides several fasteners, by unscrewing which you can easily remove the wipers themselves.

But with disassembling the windshield wiper assembly, everything is a little more complicated. It is analyzed as follows.

Remove the dashboard.
On the left side, find the relay that is attached to the body. If it is broken, there is no point in repairing it. Just install a new relay.
Next, check the condition of the fuse that controls the operation of the windshield wiper drive.
Disassemble the steering column to allow you to examine the state of the switch. If the insulation is damaged or there is other damage, replace the unit.
Unscrew the electric motor from the body and check it in action. If the damage is not serious, it can be repaired. It's better to immediately replace it along with the relay.
Check the drive. It is not uncommon for a pulley to break on it, which is why the device has to be replaced with a new one.
Make sure the trapezoid is in good condition. It may be necessary to replace the windshield wiper trapezium on a VAZ 2110 if, during operation of the car, the lubrication of the device has deteriorated and all kinds of debris and water have gotten in there. If the lubrication does not work properly, the plastic bushings of the hinges wear out, causing play and increasing resistance during operation of the device. The trapezoid itself serves to transmit force from the electric motor to the windshield wiper arms.

Article on the topic: How to check the speed/speedometer sensor on a VAZ 2110 and where it is located

Mechanical faults

Often they do not work due to a simple loosening of the nut that presses the brush holder to the trapezoid shaft. You can restore the system's functionality instantly by adjusting the angle of the brush and tightening the lever with a nut.

An unscrewed nut that facilitates the transmission of torque from the gearbox to the trapezoid can be reported by one of two events:

the electric motor remains operational in all modes, but both brushes do not move;
the brushes spontaneously stop working in an intermediate position.

However, stopping of the brush holders in an arbitrary position can occur due to poor pressing of the “limit switch” contacts to the gear motor gear or oxidation/burning of the same contacts. And the brushes are not able to move even after chipping the teeth of the gears, which do not have a long service life - after all, they are made of plastic.

Mechanical problems

Often the windshield wiper on a VAZ-2110 may not work due to a loose nut pressing the blade holder. This fault can be repaired in a few seconds. It is enough to tighten a poorly tightened nut to restore the functionality of the wipers. Some events may indicate an unscrewed nut:

When the electric motor is running, the brushes do not move.
The brushes stop working on their own in an intermediate position.

Also, brush holders may stop due to poor contact pressure in the gearmotor.
If the teeth on the gearmotor gear are crumbled, the brushes will also not work. https://youtu.be/kp8IH-auFs4
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Diagnostics of the windshield wiper motor drive.

Total

Windshield wiper failure can occur for quite trivial reasons:

fuse F5 burned out;
the terminals of the connecting blocks are oxidized or burnt;
wires are faulty;
relay K5 524.3747 broke;
ordered the steering column switch to “live for a long time”;
the nut that attracts the trapezoid crank to the gearbox has become loose;
the nuts securing the levers to the trapezoid shafts were unscrewed;
The brushes are frozen to the glass.

Often, wipers on models of the VAZ 2110 family do not work due to complex faults:

oxidation/burning, insufficient pressing force of the contacts of the limit switch located on the gearbox cover;
brushes hanging in the gearmotor;
burnout/contamination of the collector;
break in the armature winding;
chipping of gear teeth in the gearbox.

18.31 List of faults