What determines the numbering of engine cylinders?
However, it is important to know that whatever the engine layout and cylinder arrangement, cylinder No. 1 - the main cylinder, always contains spark plug No. 1.
Naturally, this is the order in which the cylinders of any engine are numbered. What determines the location and numbering of engine cylinders:
- drive type: front or rear;
- engine type: in-line or V-shaped;
- engine installation method: transverse or longitudinal;
- direction of motor rotation: clockwise or counterclockwise.
The arrangement of cylinders in multi-cylinder engines is as follows:
- vertically - that is, in one row, without angular deviations;
- obliquely – at an angle of 20°;
- V-shaped - in two rows. The angles between rows can be 90 or 75 degrees;
- opposite (horizontal) – the angle between the cylinders is 180°. This arrangement of cylinders is used in bus engines, which allows the engine to be placed under the floor of the passenger compartment, freeing up usable space.
Numbering of cylinders on different types of engines
As such, there is no strict international system for the location and numbering of engine cylinders. And that's bad. Therefore, before you begin any type of repair of the engine or ignition system, immerse yourself in the Operating and Repair Instructions for your particular car.
Rear-wheel drive 4- and 6-row engines in the USA have a master cylinder number 1 from the radiator, the remaining cylinders are numbered towards the passenger compartment. But there is also reverse numbering, when the master cylinder is considered to be the one closest to the passenger compartment.
For French engines, cylinder numbering occurs on the gearbox side. And the numbering of the cylinders of V-shaped engines comes from the right side, i.e. on the torque side.
Front-wheel drive cars typically have a transversely mounted engine. Here the cylinders are numbered on one side, and cylinder No. 1 is located on the passenger side.
V-twin multi-cylinder engines have the driver's side master cylinder in the bank closest to the passenger compartment. Then there are the odd-numbered engine cylinders, and on the opposite side (closer to the radiator) there are the even-numbered ones.
Therefore, in order to ensure that you are not completely confused due to the lack of a unified international standard for the location and numbering of engine cylinders, use the manufacturer’s Operating Manual.
Good luck learning the numbering and arrangement of engine cylinders.
Many motorists, especially beginners who have just purchased a VAZ-2114, have wondered how the 8-valve injection engine that is installed on this car works. This article will discuss the design of the motor, its main characteristics, as well as dismantling and repair features. This information will be very useful for beginners and those who do not know how the main power unit works.
Video about the VAZ-2114 engine
Video review of the VAZ-2114 engine operation, features and characteristics.
VAZ 2114 engine lift
In general, landing is landing. Style is style.
But I got tired of constantly straightening the protection because it was hitting the pallet. Touch the exhaust pipe. Rip it off sometimes. Rattle the pallet and crush it. Check the pan after every hard hole, etc. In addition, the grenades were broken and an engine lift would have corrected this. And by winter there will be less hemorrhage.
So it was time to lift the engine just in time for the end of the season. I will try to describe everything in as much detail as possible. All the nuances of the engine lift in Samara.
1. Stabilizer.
Before lifting the engine, I thought about what to do with the stub. After all: — it was flush with the spar, even with spacers for the ball. — the stub mounts are low and strike hard. — when lifting the engine, the pants or lambda will simply hit the stub.
There are two ways out: - turn over or overcook the stub struts (eggs), but at the same time they will hang very low, and most likely strike the rims when the wheel is turned completely out.
By the way, here is a description of the elevator engines from Shade72. This is about the new Samaras, with e-gas, with an absorber sensor at the inlet, because of which it will not be possible to raise the engine by 4 cm. So anyone who has new Samaras should definitely read Kiryuhi’s blog!
The kit itself consists of 3 plates and a side support with a plate already welded.
You can install everything alone, it’s not particularly difficult. But the more hands, the faster of course) DimaPavlov-UL helped me. First we put the car on boards/bricks, remove the protection and aluminum boots. I jacked up the engine with two jacks, one under the box, the second under the generator somewhere.
Side cushion.
Everything is simple there, with stiletto heels. I took off the old one, jacked up the engine, installed the new one, tightened it up) She came back reluctantly, the statr was in the way, but the hammer helped.
Engine diagram and structure
General view of the engine
Before we begin to consider the issue of the engine design and description of the characteristics, it is necessary to consider the design of the components and parts that are located directly in the main power unit and outside.
Diagram and design of the Samara-2 engine
1 – generator drive pulley; 2 – oil pump; 3 – timing belt; 4 – toothed pulley of the coolant pump; 5 – front cover of the timing mechanism drive; 6 – tension roller; 7 – camshaft toothed pulley; 8 – rear cover of the camshaft drive; 9 – camshaft oil seal; 10 – cylinder head cover; 11 – camshaft; 12 – front cover of camshaft bearings; 13 – pusher; 14 – valve guide; 15 – oil separator mesh for the crankcase ventilation system; 16 – exhaust valve; 17 – inlet valve; 18 – rear cover of camshaft bearings; 19 – fuel pump; 20 – housing of auxiliary units; 21 – ignition distributor sensor; 22 – outlet pipe of the cooling jacket; 23 – cylinder head; 24 – spark plug; 25 – crankcase ventilation hose; 26 – flywheel; 27 – crankshaft rear oil seal holder; 28 – rear crankshaft oil seal; 29 – cylinder block; 30 – oil pan; 31 – oil level indicator (oil dipstick); 32 – crankshaft; 33 – piston; 34 – connecting rod cover; 35 – connecting rod; 36 – crankshaft main bearing cover; 37 – front crankshaft oil seal; 38 – crankshaft toothed pulley.
conclusions
The design of the 8-valve injection engine VAZ-2114 is quite similar to the first generations of this engine - “Samara”. Of course, the designers made many changes to the features of the power unit, but in many ways they remained similar. Repair and maintenance of this engine must be carried out regularly, which will not only extend its life, but also reduce wear on the parts located inside.
The car is equipped with a gasoline, four-stroke, four-cylinder, in-line, eight-valve, overhead camshaft, liquid-cooled engine, model 2111 or 11183.
Cross section of engine 11183 (1.6i):
1 – oil pan drain plug; 2 – engine sump; 3 – crankshaft; 4 – oil filter; 5 – coolant pump; 6 – exhaust manifold; 7 – piston; 8 – rod for fastening the intake pipeline; 9 – laying of the intake pipeline and exhaust manifold; 10 – inlet pipeline; 11 – nozzle; 12 – fuel rail; 13 – receiver; 14 – bracket; 15 – cylinder head cover; 16 – camshaft bearing housing; 17 – camshaft; 18 – crankcase ventilation system hose; 19 – valve pusher; 20 – cylinder head; 21 – bolt securing the head to the cylinder block; 22 – valve; 23 – spark plug; 24 – cylinder head gasket; 25 – upper compression ring; 26 – lower compression ring; 27 – oil scraper ring; 28 – piston pin; 29 – fitting for installing the oil dipstick; 30 – connecting rod; 31 – flywheel; 32 – cylinder block; 33 – oil pan gasket; 34 – oil dipstick; 35 – oil intake
The cylinder block is cast iron, with cylinders machined into it. The internal cavities of the block for coolant are formed during casting, and the oil supply channels are made by drilling. At the bottom of the block, five supports for the crankshaft main bearings are machined. The main bearing caps are machined together with their bearings and are therefore not interchangeable. In order not to confuse the covers during installation, they are marked with the serial number of the bearing, starting from the crankshaft pulley. The cover of the second main bearing has two threaded holes for the oil intake bolts. Steel-aluminum liners are installed in the supports and main bearing caps. On both sides of the third main bearing support there are sockets for installing thrust half-rings that prevent axial movement of the crankshaft. The front half-ring is steel-aluminum (yellow on one side, steel-colored on the other), the rear half-ring is metal-ceramic (yellow on both sides).
Motor maintenance
When the design and main technical characteristics inherent in the VAZ 2114 engine have been reviewed, it is necessary to consider maintenance and provide answers to questions that motorists are increasingly asking.
Maintenance
If you believe the plant, the manufacturer, the VAZ 2114 engine must be serviced every 12-15 thousand kilometers. It depends on what marking the motor is installed on the vehicle. Maintenance scheme for all engines installed on the “fourteenth” model:
- At the first maintenance, the oil, oil filter and air filter element are replaced, as well as the functionality of all systems is checked.
- The second maintenance is done after 12,000 km. In this case, it is necessary to change the oil and oil filter element.
- Third maintenance – 25,000 km, replacing not only the oil, but also the air filter, and ongoing repair of faults.
- After 45,000 km, it is necessary to replace the timing belt and roller so that the VAZ 2114 engine does not have to be overhauled.
Subsequent maintenance is carried out in accordance with 2 and 3 maintenance.
Frequently asked questions and their answers
The process of repairing a VAZ 2114 engine.
Many car enthusiasts on forums ask the same questions. Let's try to classify all of them, and also give answers according to factory standards and recommendations.
What kind of oil should be poured into the VAZ 2114 engine?
If you rely on the manufacturer’s data, then different oil is poured into the VAZ 2114 engine, depending on the type. So, what kind of oil should you put in the VAZ 2114? If you take it for an 8 valve engine, then ideally it would be suitable with the 10W-40 marking. If it is a 16 valve engine - 5W-30. In any case, the oil for the VAZ 2114 should be semi-synthetic.
What is the operating temperature of the engine?
Based on the manufacturer's data, the operating temperature of the motor for engines installed on models 2113-2115 is 87-103 degrees Celsius. After 105 degrees the electric fan turns on.
Where is the engine number on the VAZ 2114?
The engine number is quite easy to find. It is located on the gearbox side, near the thermostat. The engine number always has a pad on the cylinder block, which is located in a visible place.
What is the resource of ICE 2114?
The service life of the VAZ 2114 engine is 150 thousand km for an eight-valve power unit and 180,000 km for a 16-valve power unit. To extend the service life, you need to know what oil to pour into the engine, as well as service it on time. Although driving style and careful operation of the car play an important role.
Do valves bend on VAZ 2114 engines?
Of course, like in any other engine, the VAZ 2114 has a valve mechanism that bends. This often happens due to overheating, when the head bends. The valves can also bend if the timing belt breaks.
What to do if the engine does not develop power and the speed drops?
In this case, it is worth carrying out a comprehensive diagnosis of the power unit. The issue may lie either in the inoperability of one of the sensors or in the mechanics. You can find the fault on your own or with the help of professionals at a car service center.
Engine malfunctions and repairs
Disassembled VAZ 2114 engine.
The fault diagram of the 2114 motor and its modifications is quite typical. Typically, the most common ones are floating speed, tripping, pump failure, as well as others that car owners are familiar with in detail. Where certain faults are located can be determined by carrying out diagnostic work.
